HMS (Heavy Metal Steel)
HMS, or Heavy Metal Steel, refers to used steel and wrought iron, divided into two grades: HMS1 and HMS2. The key distinction between the two lies in the presence of blackened and galvanised steel, which is included in HMS2 but not in HMS1. Both grades consist solely of obsolete scrap, meaning they come from disassembled or demolished items. This classification aids in the sale and recycling of scrap metal.
HMS, or Heavy Metal Steel, includes used steel and wrought iron. Used steel is simply second-hand steel that has served its purpose in a prior application. Wrought iron, known for its fibrous texture and malleability, can be reshaped repeatedly by reheating and working it with tools, becoming stronger with each process. These metals are classified as ferrous scrap, typically recycled from items like automobiles, fences, and railway tracks. HMS is further divided into two categories, HMS1 and HMS2, which guide recyclers in properly processing and recycling the materials.
HMS there are two categories:
HMS1 and HMS2:
- HMS1
HMS1 refers to heavy melting steel that excludes galvanized and blackened steel. It is further categorized based on the size of scrap metal pieces according to ISRI (Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries) codes:
- ISRI 200: Pieces smaller than 36×18 inches.
- ISRI 201: Pieces smaller than 60×18 inches.
In both categories, the scrap must be at least 1/4 inch thick.
HMS2:
HMS2 is similar to HMS1 but includes galvanized and blackened steel. A key difference is that HMS2 pieces must be at least 1/8 inch thick to ensure efficient furnace melting times.
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HMS2 has four ISRI (Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries) codes:
- ISRI 203: Wrought iron or steel that is blackened and galvanized, at least 1/8 inch thick.
- ISRI 204: Same as ISRI 203, but pieces must be smaller than 36×18 inches.
- ISRI 205: Similar to ISRI 204, but includes thin-gauge scrap from automobiles.
- ISRI 206: Like ISRI 205, but pieces must be smaller than 60×18 inches.
What is Black and Galvanized Steel?
Black and galvanized steel are key distinctions between HMS1 and HMS2.
- Galvanized steel is coated with zinc to extend its life and protect against rust and corrosion. It’s commonly used in plumbing, where exposure to water makes galvanization essential.
- Black steel is primarily used for gas pipes in homes or buildings. It’s uncoated and more fire-resistant than galvanized steel. Its dark color comes from an iron-oxide layer formed during production, with various techniques like hot/cold coatings or chemical finishes creating the effect.
Why Recycle HMS? Recycling HMS reduces CO2 emissions, conserves resources, and provides a profitable way to responsibly dispose of scrap metal.